编者按

　　国际知名学者“齐鲁访学驻研计划”是为贯彻落实习近平主席提出的全球文明倡议，深化文明交流互鉴，由山东省委宣传部指导，尼山世界儒学中心、中国孔子基金会、山东大学共同发起，山东出版集团大力支持，立足山东儒家文化资源富集优势，架设国际人文交流合作桥梁的一项重要举措。作为“齐鲁访学驻研计划”首位学者，克罗地亚—中国友好协会主席、克罗地亚萨格勒布ALGEBRA大学计算机科学教授布兰科·巴隆（Branko Balon）接受了中国孔子网的专访，分享了他的驻研感受和学术见解。

　　Q:Hello,Mr. Balon, as the first visiting scholar of the "Qilu Residency Study and Research Program", you have been engaged in more than ten days of visiting activities. Could you please share your feelings ? What is special or unexpectied about this visit?

　　中国孔子网：巴隆先生您好，作为“齐鲁访学驻研计划”的首位访问学者，您已经进行了十多天的访学活动，能否谈谈您目前的访学感受？这次访学有哪些不同或超出期待的地方？

布兰科·巴隆接受中国孔子网专访

　　ANS:Yes，thank you for your question.I really can't imagine that it has already passed 10 days.It has passed so quickly because I had been every day engaged in many activities.So I didn't realize really how quickly it passed.

　　I have seen really many interesting things I have read that I will go there，but I didn't think it will be so exciting for me.I saw, first when I came，we went to Confucius Museum.I was very surprised how nice it looked like.I am comparing it to museums in my country.I have not seen such nice museums like you have on Confucius.Then we have visited his temple.I had a really a nice guide that has explained me everything and I must say that I have learned a lot about Confucius.I'm very satisfied and we have visited Nishan Sacred Land also and everything is so nice.I really admire it very much.

　　Everything was so special.It's very hard to highlight something.First，I think I would say it is a museum that I was really amazed，but I would say that I liked the most，but I was most delighted was the Nishan Sacred Land. The teaching hall where I have visited. These five rooms, or the five halls.It's not a room，it's a big hall about the Confucius teachings.For every teaching there was one hall. it was very well for me.

　　巴隆：不知不觉已经过去10天了，时间过得很快，这大概是因为我每天都在参加各种活动，所以没察觉到日子过得这么迅速。

　　我在书上读到很多关于这里的有意思的内容，我想我会去实地看看，没想到这次真的实现了，亲眼看到时，那种兴奋难以言表。我最先去了孔子博物馆，和我的国家的博物馆相比，真的太震撼了，我之前从未见过这样的博物馆。之后，我们参观了孔庙，那里有一位非常出色的导游，他对每一处细节、每一段历史都讲解得极为透彻。不得不说，这次参观让我对孔子的了解更进了一步。我们还游览了尼山圣境，我真的特别喜欢。

　　这次旅程的一切都充满新鲜感，很难单独挑出某一件事来讲。孔子博物馆给我的震撼很大，我最喜欢的，还得是尼山圣境。在那里，我参观了大学堂的五个大厅，每个大厅都蕴含着孔子的一项重要教义，让我收获颇丰。

布兰科·巴隆参观曲阜孔庙

　　Q:During your academic visit，you went to many places such as Confucius Temple，Confucius Institute，Confucius Museum.What insights did this on site experiences provide for your understanding of Confucianism？

　　中国孔子网：访学期间，您参观了孔庙、孔子研究院、孔子博物馆等地，这些实地体验对您理解孔子思想有什么启发？

　　ANS:When I saw all these things，when I saw the work the people are doing and at the Nishan World Center，especially at the Confucius Research Institute.I was really positively shocked what efforts and they give for studying the Confucius thoughts and how with what devotion they do their work.This is what surprised me I must say because I didn't see this virtually in this way in my country.InCroatia，this is really what inspires me.And I think that this can be a role for the other countries,China can be a role model. We can teach，I think a lot from you，how to protect the inheritance like you do with the Confucius and his thoughts.

　　巴隆：当我看到尼山世界儒学中心，尤其是孔子研究院里人们所做的工作时，内心十分震撼。他们为深入研究孔子思想付出的努力，以及全身心投入工作的热忱，着实令我惊叹。必须承认，在我的国家，我很少能看到这样纯粹的奉献精神。这一切深深地激励了我。我由衷觉得，中国在这方面完全可以成为其他国家的榜样。在文化遗产保护领域，尤其是对孔子及其思想的传承与守护，中国的做法值得我们好好学习借鉴。

　　Q:So a few days ago，you gave a wonderful academic speech at the Confucius Institute mentioning the theme of inheriting civilization regarding the spiritual home of humanity.How do you think we can better protect and inherit our cultural heritage in the context of globalization today？

　　中国孔子网：前几天，您在孔子研究院作了一场精彩的学术演讲，提到了“文明传承：守护人类精神家园”这一主题。您认为在当今全球化的背景下，应如何更好地守护和传承各自的文化遗产？

　　ANS:Yeah，this is a good question. I made , first，in my speech，I gave a theoretic approach to this topic.And other part of my lecture was what is actually China doing in this？What is our country doing？And I can really repeat once again that when I see what China is doing in protecting the spiritual heritage，I don't see anything what can be added.We are really doing a good job.I like it very much and I think also that this Qilu visiting scholar program is also one step towards it.

　　巴隆：我在演讲中对这一主题进行了理论探讨。我演讲的另一部分是中国在这方面到底怎么做的，我们的国家怎么做的。我可以再次重申，当我看到中国在保护精神遗产方面所做的一切时，我看不出还有什么可以补充的。中国做得很好，我非常欣赏，并且我认为“齐鲁访学驻研”项目也是朝着这个方向迈出的一步。

“齐鲁访学驻研计划”系列学术讲座第一讲暨“中外文明交流互鉴”系列学术讲座第十七讲在孔子研究院举行

　　Q:As the president of the Croatian-Chinese Friendship Society, what achievements do you think Croatia has made in cultural exchanges with China so far? What other areas can further strengthen our cooperation?

　　中国孔子网：作为克中友好协会的主席，您认为目前克罗地亚与中国在文化交流方面取得了哪些成果？还有哪些领域可以进一步加强合作？

　　ANS:Thank you for these questions.Because I'm president，as you said，of the Croatian -Chinese Friendship society.I also mentioned in my lecture，what are we doing it also in Croatia to protect the inheritance and we are doing a lot of things，but there are still a lot of things we can improve what we are doing.We are doing the lectures of calligraphy, of Tai Chi.This is so we have also many lectures on the heritage of Croatia on Marco Polo.And in our main city，in capital city of Croatia，Zagreb at the University of Zagreb，there is a Confucius Institute that we are tightly working with Association of Friendship.We are tightly working with the Chinese Embassy and the Confucius Institute.We have organized with them many events still like cultural events.But what I want to do more like the president of our society because we are a friendship society for cultural，scientific and economic cooperation.I would like it to have more scientific cooperation.This is what we didn't have much.I can say that this my visit to the Confucius Research Center，it is a kind of scientific research，but I would like to hear it more of this maybe in the field.I’m a major in this, computer science.I would like to hear more such a exchanges and cooperation.

　　巴隆：正如您所说，我担任克罗地亚-中国友好协会主席。在演讲中我也提到，我们在克罗地亚积极投身遗产保护工作，已经开展了诸多活动，不过仍存在很大的提升空间。目前，我们举办了太极和书法讲座，还开展了许多关于马可・波罗遗产的讲座。在克罗地亚首都萨格勒布的萨格勒布大学，设有一所孔子学院，我们一直保持着紧密合作。我们正与中国大使馆以及孔子学院携手，共同组织了一系列文化活动。克罗地亚-中国友好协会是一个文化、科学和经济合作的友好协会，作为协会的主席，我更期望能在科研合作方面取得更多进展，目前在这方面，我们的工作开展得还不够充分。就拿这次参观孔子研究院来说，这本身就是一次科研学习的宝贵经历，但我还想进一步深入了解这个领域。另外，我主修计算机科学，也非常期待在该领域与中方开展更多的交流与合作。

　　Q:Next you will give a speech on the theme of marco polo and the contemporary silk road.What are the considerations for choosing this theme?

　　中国孔子网：接下来，您将以“马可·波罗和当代丝绸之路”为主题发表演讲，选择这一主题有何考量？

　　ANS:I thank you for this question.I like Marco Polo very much.I also mentioned Marco Polo at my lecture first here and I saw very good feedback from the audience and that I saw that not many Chinese people know a lot about Marco Polo.So we have decided to make a lecture on Marco Polo.Marco polo is the biggest traveller of all the time.He's from Croatia.Many people don't know，because Italy also says he is Italian，but MarcoPolo was born in a beautiful island in Croatia. this is City of Korčula.It is very near to Dubrovnik and they say it's Dubrovnik,I think，knows everybody in China. When you speak about Croatia,first thing that comes on your mind is Dubrovnik.Yeah.But Korčula I said to be a small Dubrovnik，it is also very，very nice，but it's a little bit small.So it is the hometown of Marco Polo.What is very interesting is that when he was17 years old，he went with his father and uncle on a big trip.It was a trade trip.They went to overall the Silk Road.They traveled 4.5 years to come to what is now known as Beijing and Marco Polo stayed here or I said here in China for almost 20years after he came back a few years ago，he wrote his book.This is called II Milione, the name of the book，because it was, everything in China, so big.So that was the name of the book - Million.But nobody believed him that itwas just not his imagination，but still this book was very，very popular.And it is the 13th century when the European people got the first insight of how the people in the Far East lived.They didn't know anything about it.So Marco Polo is，I can say，is a bridge between Europe and China，between Croatia and China.So he is very important and I think it would be a very educational lecture that I will give，I think you can learn a lot of what new things from this.

齐鲁文化研究院文明交流互鉴名家讲坛启动仪式暨第一讲“马可波罗与现代丝绸之路”在山东师范大学举行

　　巴隆：我对马可・波罗满怀钦佩，在曲阜的讲座上，我提到了他，现场观众反响热烈。我发现，很少有中国人对马可・波罗有深入的了解。于是我决定专门举办一场关于他的讲座。马可・波罗堪称伟大的旅行家，他来自克罗地亚。很多人不清楚这一点，因为意大利也声称他是意大利人。实际上，马可・波罗出生在克罗地亚一座美丽的岛屿——科尔丘拉岛，它离杜布罗夫尼克很近。提到克罗地亚，大家往往想到的都是杜布罗夫尼克这座城市。但是科尔丘拉岛宛如缩小版的杜布罗夫尼克，同样美不胜收，只是面积稍小，这里便是马可・波罗的故乡。马可・波罗17岁时，跟随父亲和叔叔踏上了一段漫长的贸易之旅，他们沿着丝绸之路前行，历经四年半的时间，才抵达如今的北京。马可・波罗留在了中国，生活了近20年。回国后，他撰写了一本书，最初名为《伊尔・米利奥内》，“米利奥内”意为百万，因为中国的一切都宏伟壮观。但当时没人相信他的讲述，都觉得是他的想象。然而，这本书依旧备受欢迎，让13世纪的欧洲人首次知晓了远东人民的生活方式，此前他们对此一无所知。所以我可以说，马可・波罗是连接欧洲与中国、克罗地亚与中国的桥梁，意义重大。我相信，这场讲座，极具教育意义，大家定会从中收获许多新知识。

布兰科·巴隆参观孔子研究院

　　Q:In current academic research，interdisciplinary collaboration is becoming increasingly important.How do you think interdisciplinary research can promote the integration of natural sciences and social sciences？What is the significance of this integration in solving real world problems？

　　中国孔子网：在当前的学术研究中，跨学科合作日益重要。您认为跨学科研究如何促进自然科学与社会科学的融合，这种融合对于解决现实问题有何重要意义？

　　ANS:We are now facing really serious worldwide problems.Um，it is at first，I think it is social.I mean，we can say，it's a civilization problem.What do we now have in the Europe and in Israel and with Russia，with Ukraine？So many problems that really need one, what we can say，not a simple solution.It should be holistic solution like you Chinese are doing in medicine, not just to treat the symptoms，but you must find the core.What is the core？What is in the illness？And so this is why we need this interdisciplinary approach to solve the problems in today's world.You must have together many sciences，technical sciences.Maybe we can use AI now as a progmatic.AI can help in many things，but you must use also our social skills，diplomatic skills.So there is a really need to have, I would call it a holistic approach, to find a complete solution，not just one piece by one.

　　巴隆：我们如今正面临着严峻的全球性问题，首先，我认为这是社会性的。从某种意义上讲，也可以将其视为文明问题。当下，欧洲、以色列、俄罗斯、乌克兰等地的问题错综复杂，绝非简单的解决方式就能应对，而是需要一个综合性的方案，就如同中国医学理念一样，不仅仅是治疗症状，所以这就是为什么解决当今世界的难题需要跨学科的方法。你们必须融合多领域的知识，比如技术科学。如今人工智能可以作为一种编程工具。AI可以在诸多方面发挥助力，但我们仍需要社会性技巧、外交技巧。所以，真的需要一种整合性对策，以提供全面的解决方案，而不是各自为政。

　　Q:What unique insights do you have on the current AI revolution as a professor at ALGEBRA university in Zagreb Croatia. In the era of AI how can we ensure that human uniqueness and value are not eroded by technology？

　　中国孔子网：您在克罗地亚萨格勒布ALGEBRA大学任教，对于当前这一轮AI革命有何独到见解？在AI时代，我们应如何确保人类的独特性和价值不被技术所侵蚀？

　　ANS:Yes，as a professor of computer science,I have maybe a little more insights of this topic.And I already mentioned it when I was speaking about the silk road，I said that ancient silk road was not only a traderoad，but it is also road that was exchanging ideas，new technologies，philosophies.So it is what is doing also “belt and bridge” initiative.We say it is a contemporary silk road，but with AI，I can say we have a digital silk road，some silk road，one step ahead，because now we can in real time，we can exchange our research experiments and help people in many countries to cooperate together in a real time. And this is a really good benefit I believe AI can bring us. But AI you can say is also swirled with two sides.One side is that it can improve communication between people.But the other side is that it can be dangerous if it's not used correctly.If it's used like a warfare，there are some indications that it can be done in this way.So I think that we must be very careful.We must always check out what is going with the AI. Is it going in the right direction ? Is it going to help our civilization or is it going to end maybe a civilization？

　　巴隆：是的，作为一名计算机科学教授，我对这个话题可能有更多的见解。我在谈到丝绸之路时已经提到过，古丝绸之路不仅是一条贸易之路，也是一条交流思想、技术、哲学的道路，这与当下的“一带一路”倡议是高度契合的。我们说“一带一路”是当代丝绸之路，而如今有了人工智能，可以说有了一条数字丝绸之路。这条丝绸之路更具先进性，借助它，我们可以实时交流科学研究和实验成果，并帮助许多国家的人们进行实时协作。我相信人工智能可以给我们带来巨大的益处。但人工智能也有两面性。一方面，它可以改善人与人之间的沟通，但另一方面，如果使用不当，可能会很危险。如果它被用于战争，确有这样的迹象，我认为我们必须非常小心。必须始终检视人工智能的发展情况，在朝着正确方向发展吗？它会帮助我们的文明，还是会终结文明？

参观孔子研究院

　　Q:During this academic visit, you will participate in an academic dialogue on "Civilization Exchange and Peaceful Development of Humanity in the AI Era". How do you think the rapid development of AI technology will affect the communication patterns between different civilizations? What positive role can AI technology play in promoting human peace and development?

　　中国孔子网：在本次访学期间，您将参与围绕“AI时代的文明交流与人类和平发展”的学术对话。您认为AI技术的迅猛发展将如何影响不同文明之间的交流模式？在促进人类和平与发展方面，AI技术又能发挥哪些积极作用？

　　ANS:Okay，maybe i'll already touched this topic in my previous question，but I can repeat that AI can be really used very positively.Let's say we to enhanced a diplomatic exchange to make, some would say，summits and exchanges of delegations more efficient.It can enhanced many things then that we can benefit as a society and civilization.But I still must say that it should not be used as surveillance in a bad manner and so that people are not feeling comfortable with this.They are spying on them that it should not be enemy of of us，it should be our friend.And this is what we should think about it when using AI .

　　巴隆：人工智能在加强外交交流方面，能发挥极积极作用。就拿各类会议和代表团的交流活动来说，人工智能可以让这些外交活动开展得更加高效，它能提升诸多方面的效能，从而让我们的社会乃至整个人类文明都从中受益。但我还是要说，人工智能不应该被恶意用作监视，让人们对此感到不舒服，感到处处受监控。不要让人工智能成为我们的敌人，而应该成为我们的朋友，这就是我们在使用人工智能时应该考虑的问题。

　　Q:As a senior scholar and educator, what advice do you have for young scholars in cross-cultural communication and academic research? How to maintain an open and inclusive attitude to better adapt to the globalized academic environment?

　　中国孔子网：作为一位资深的学者和教育家，您对年轻学者在跨文化交流和学术研究中有什么建议？如何保持开放的心态和包容的态度，以更好地适应全球化的学术环境？

　　ANS:Okay，this is also good question. Education is very important.This is also what is one of the ritual of Confucius and for him it is very important.It is one of the core which you in the society.I must say that I really admire as China is a country is working on education and I say that I envy to China because when I compare to the education in my country，I must say all the best education you have in China and maybe some people in my country think that it is too strict on the children they must learn the whole day.They have not a lot of free time，but what I can say to the students is that it is worth. I mean, it is worth to spend your time learning better than to be on the social media on the on the mobile phone.So I won't if you ask me what is my advice，my advice is to stick more to the book and less to the show g to the mobile phone.

　　My suggestion for the scholars ,teachers and professors is that we must never stop learning.We should always be open to the new ideas also, to adapt new technologies, also not to be afraid，becausewhen people get older，they get a little bit afraid of new technologies of computers.It is normal but we should not be afraid we should take it with joy and enjoy our job and I think it is the best job to be a teacher to someone like it was Confucius and, how you say ,in China that the Confucius is the first and the greatest teacher of China and I can say also of the world.

　　巴隆：教育的重要性不言而喻，它是孔子所倡导的“礼”的重要组成部分，对孔子而言意义非凡，也是个人在社会中立足的核心要素之一。我由衷地钦佩中国，中国是一个极度重视教育的国家，这一点让我十分羡慕。与我的国家的教育相比时，我必须说你们在中国接受的是最好的教育，也许我国的一些人认为，中国孩子必须整天学习，太严格了，他们没有很多空闲时间，但我可以对学生们说，这是值得的。花时间学习比沉迷于手机和社交媒体更有价值。

　　我对青年学者、老师和教授的建议是，我们永远不能停止学习，应该始终对新思想持开放态度，也要适应新技术，不要畏惧新事物，因为当人们变老时，会对计算机等新技术产生抵触心理，这很正常，我们不应因此退缩，而要欣然接受，享受工作。在我看来，从事教育工作，成为一名像孔子这样的老师，是世上最棒的职业。孔子是中国乃至世界上第一位也是最伟大的老师。